Application of aluminum alloy plate in civil ship in Europe and American
Ships are the main means of water transport, and ships refer to the giant ships of navigation.Due to the low density of aluminium and aluminium alloy, which is about 1/3 of the steel, the strong resistance to corrosion of sea water and has a good processing formability and weldability, etc., so since 1888 in the United States and Switzerland four years after the industrial production is used in the manufacture of steamboat, two years before the plane for the first time to use aluminum.
Swiss building aluminum boat for the first time in 1891 other countries have made boat aluminum body, but as a result of aluminum was born soon after, the variety of aluminum alloy plate is not much, only a few kinds of aluminum alloy plate with low strength, corrosion resistance is not very desirable, thereby limiting their application in shipbuilding.Metallurgical industry is the forerunner and foundation of shipbuilding industry, with the development of metallurgical industry, aluminum industry in the late 1920 s for shipbuilding industry provides a high resistance to corrosion of Al - Mg alloy, so the application of aluminum alloy plate in shipbuilding is back.
Marine materials : aluminum alloy plate application in Europe and the United States civil ship in August 1931, the British made "Diana Ⅱ" (Diana Ⅱ) all aluminum yacht, is the world's first aircraft, gleaming silver, materials for aluminum and magnesium alloy, 16.75 m long, 3.65 m wide, 1.74 m draft, use after more than 20 years, is still intact, hull no corrosion.The yacht was exhibited at the London aluminium alloy exhibition in 1955.After the "Diana Ⅱ" in succession, such as Canada, Sweden and Britain, built some aluminum boat.Due to the use of aluminum alloy plate for shipbuilding, the development of hydrofoil was promoted.In 1958, the Soviet union built the "Paketa" (Paketa) hydrofoil boat, carrying 66 passengers, and the body material was hard aluminum.Built in 1959 and 130 to 150 passengers in the "mei bajaur" hydrofoil passenger boat (Meteor), 34.4 m long, maximum speed 80 km/h, hull material for dural, riveting, they then built hydrofoil adopt aluminum and magnesium alloy, the welding.1962 "cyclone" coastal hydrofoil USES the stiffener and plate rolling into a whole new type of plate, thus the quality of the hull to reduce by 10% ~ 15%, and the captain of 46.5 m, width 9.0 m, 3.0 m draft, displacement of 108 t, 3181 kw power, speed of 92.5 km/h.
Since 1928, aluminum alloy plate has been used to build superstructure of large ships, and this year, the deck room was built with aluminum alloy plate materials.In 1939, the upper deck, porthole and railings of the Norwegian ship, the Fernplant, which carried 8800t of cargo, were aluminum alloy plate and used 14t, leaving out 40t steel.After the second world war, the metallurgical industry achieved rapid progress, widely used in aluminum alloy plate manufacture ship superstructure, and the dosage of Japan for increased, especially some luxury cruise: in 1952, the United States "the UN (United States), cruise Shared the 2000 t aluminum, the captain of 305 m, 37 m wide, displacement of 5914 t, 2000 passengers.In 1960, the British built the Oriana and the "Canbeera" giant mail ships that used more than 1,000 tons of aluminum, the first of which was 40kt, the latter of 48kt.
aluminum alloy plate materials are also used to make other civilian vessels: in the early 1950s, some of the oil tankers built in Britain were 5XXX, 5054 alloy, and each 30kt class tanker of more than 1000t."Red Rose", made in Britain in 1951, USES aluminum 27t.In 1964, Hungary designed a 100t gold and aluminum fishing boat with aluminum alloy plate of 2.5 ~4 Mg.aluminum alloy plate also has been applied on a barge, which the United States in 1964 to build a barge all aluminum, more than 180 t, application of aluminum sheet whether or extrusion materials, using all of these 5083 alloy, cargo capacity is 14% higher than steel barges;The tugboat can also be made of aluminum alloy plate, and the American "Sauter" hull is welded with 5083 and 5086 alloys, and the manufacturing hour is about 30% shorter than the steel barge.The soviet-built train ferry was welded with 5056 and 5466 alloy.In 196 years, two biogas ships were built in the UK, and nine of them were welded by aluminum alloy plate.
